Statements consisting only of original research should be removed. Please improve it by verifying the claims made and adding inline citations. This section possibly contains original research. Programmers have even succeeded in secretly installing large amounts of benign code as Easter eggs in programs, although such cases may involve official forbearance, if not actual permission. An example of this sort of backdoor was used as a plot device in the 1983 film WarGames, in which the architect of the " WOPR" computer system had inserted a hardcoded password-less account which gave the user access to the system, and to undocumented parts of the system (in particular, a video game-like simulation mode and direct interaction with the artificial intelligence).Īlthough the number of backdoors in systems using proprietary software (software whose source code is not publicly available) is not widely credited, they are nevertheless frequently exposed. Ī backdoor in a login system might take the form of a hard coded user and password combination which gives access to the system. More generally, such security breaches were discussed at length in a RAND Corporation task force report published under ARPA sponsorship by J.P. However, since the advent of public key cryptography the term trapdoor has acquired a different meaning (see trapdoor function), and thus the term "backdoor" is now preferred, only after the term trapdoor went out of use. The use of the word trapdoor here clearly coincides with more recent definitions of a backdoor. They noted a class of active infiltration attacks that use "trapdoor" entry points into the system to bypass security facilities and permit direct access to data. Petersen and Turn discussed computer subversion in a paper published in the proceedings of the 1967 AFIPS Conference. The threat of backdoors surfaced when multiuser and networked operating systems became widely adopted. In 1993, the United States government attempted to deploy an encryption system, the Clipper chip, with an explicit backdoor for law enforcement and national security access. Some debugging features can also act as backdoors if they are not removed in the release version. Default passwords (or other default credentials) can function as backdoors if they are not changed by the user. If many systems are connected within the cloud, hackers can gain access to all other platforms through the most vulnerable system. Many systems that store information within the cloud fail to create accurate security measures. These kinds of backdoors have "legitimate" uses such as providing the manufacturer with a way to restore user passwords. Although some are secretly installed, other backdoors are deliberate and widely known. A Trojan horse may appear to be an entirely legitimate program, but when executed, it triggers an activity that may install a backdoor. Trojan horses can be used to create vulnerabilities in a device. Back Orifice may subvert the system through a rootkit), code in the firmware of the hardware, or parts of an operating system such as Windows. ![]() From there it may be used to gain access to privileged information like passwords, corrupt or delete data on hard drives, or transfer information within autoschediastic networks.Ī backdoor may take the form of a hidden part of a program, a separate program (e.g. Backdoors are most often used for securing remote access to a computer, or obtaining access to plaintext in cryptosystems. part of a cryptosystem, algorithm, chipset, or even a "homunculus computer" -a tiny computer-within-a-computer such as that found in Intel's AMT technology). ![]() Security information and event management (SIEM)Ī backdoor is a typically covert method of bypassing normal authentication or encryption in a computer, product, embedded device (e.g.Host-based intrusion detection system (HIDS). ![]() ( June 2017) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message) The references used may be made clearer with a different or consistent style of citation and footnoting. This article has an unclear citation style.
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